Apples of Insight

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Reading Someone Else’s Mail

Many believers unintentionally open someone else’s mail in Scripture—claiming promises or commands never addressed to them. The key is learning the difference between primary application (what it meant to the original audience) and secondary application (what we can learn from it). When we read the Bible’s letters as they were sent, God’s voice grows clearer, not smaller.

Words are Bridges

Not every word is a truth-claim. Some, like Paul’s “idol meat,” live in the gray—morally neutral until love decides how to use them. What if pronouns are like that? Not worship, not denial—just language as bridge. Sometimes faithfulness looks less like resistance and more like discernment.

Forgiveness Without Fog

Forgiveness isn’t forgetting or excusing—or instant reconciliation. Biblically, it’s a clear, repeatable act: name the wrong, release your personal claim to payback, refuse inner and outer retaliation, and entrust judgment to God—again as needed. This frees you to heal while justice and boundaries still stand.

The Invention of “Saving” Faith

For centuries, James 2 has been read as teaching two kinds of faith—“true” vs. “demonic.” This essay shows how that split stems from Augustine’s Latin Bible and the Donatist fight, not James. Restore the dialogue cues, and the passage calls believers to live their shared faith, not classify it.

The Context Compass

Interpreting Scripture can feel like wandering in the wilderness—every verse pulling a different way. The Context Compass (C12) offers bearings: twelve “directions” of context that orient us to author, history, genre, and theology. Not a rigid map, but a compass—guiding readers toward clarity without losing the text’s voice.

The Apostle Paul Taught me to Cuss

Did Paul swear in the Bible? He wasn’t afraid of sharp language. He called his old life “skúbalon” (excrement), mocked false teachers with grotesque wordplay, and even echoed ethnic slurs to dismantle them. Like Jesus, he used shocking words to protect truth, expose hypocrisy, and defend God’s people.